@PhDThesis{Soares:2014:VaClIn,
author = "Soares, Helena Cachanhuk",
title = "Variabilidade clim{\'a}tica interanual local e remota do
Atl{\^a}ntico Sul sobre os Grandes Ecossistemas Marinhos
brasileiros",
school = "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)",
year = "2014",
address = "S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos",
month = "2014-11-14",
keywords = "variabilidade clim{\'a}tica interanual, modos locais e remotos de
variabilidade clim{\'a}tica, dados de sat{\'e}lite aplicados a
valida{\c{c}}{\~a}o de modelos num{\'e}ricos, grandes
ecossistemas marinhos, Atl{\^a}ntico Sul, interannual climate
variability, local and remote modes of climate variability,
satellite data for validation of numerical models, large marine
ecosystems, South Atlantic.",
abstract = "As influ{\^e}ncias dos modos remotos e locais de variabilidade
clim{\'a}tica sobre as caracter{\'{\i}}sticas oce{\^a}nicas e
atmosf{\'e}ricas do Atl{\^a}ntico Sul foram avaliadas neste
trabalho e as an{\'a}lises permitiram identificar os impactos
destas varia{\c{c}}{\~o}es sobre os Grandes Ecossistemas
Marinhos (GEM) brasileiros. Os modos remotos considerados foram o
El Niņo Oscila{\c{c}}{\~a}o Sul (ENOS) e a Oscila{\c{c}}{\~a}o
Decenal do Pac{\'{\i}}fico (ODP). Os modos locais s{\~a}o o
modo tropical do Atl{\^a}ntico Norte (TNA), o modo tropical do
Atl{\^a}ntico Sul (TSA) e a Oscila{\c{c}}{\~a}o Ant{\'a}rtica
(AAO). A primeira an{\'a}lise foi fundamentada em an{\'a}lise de
correla{\c{c}}{\~o}es total e parcial entre os {\'{\i}}ndices
clim{\'a}ticos, como o Niņo3, TSA, TNA e AAO e as vari{\'a}veis
atmosf{\'e}ricas e oce{\^a}nicas sobre o Atl{\^a}ntico Sul,
como a temperatura da superf{\'{\i}}cie do mar (TSM),
tens{\~a}o do vento {\`a} superf{\'{\i}}cie do mar, transporte
de Ekman, radia{\c{c}}{\~a}o de onda longa emergente e
press{\~a}o ao n{\'{\i}}vel do mar. Todas as vari{\'a}veis e
{\'{\i}}ndices clim{\'a}ticos foram filtrados na escala
interanual. O impacto da mudan{\c{c}}a de regime da ODP
(1976/1977) foi avaliado atrav{\'e}s de diferen{\c{c}}as de
correla{\c{c}}{\~o}es durante as fases quente e fria da ODP.
Ap{\'o}s a identifica{\c{c}}{\~a}o dos modos de variabilidade
mais influentes foi realizada uma simula{\c{c}}{\~a}o
num{\'e}rica entre 1980 e 2007 utilizando o modelo regional de
circula{\c{c}}{\~a}o oce{\^a}nica ROMS. Com os resultados desta
simula{\c{c}}{\~a}o foi poss{\'{\i}}vel avaliar a
evolu{\c{c}}{\~a}o das caracter{\'{\i}}sticas oce{\^a}nicas
durante os eventos ENOS que ocorreram na fase quente da ODP. A
valida{\c{c}}{\~a}o dos resultados do modelo foi efetuada com
base na compara{\c{c}}{\~a}o com dados de sat{\'e}lites, para
isto foi empregada a TSM do sensor radi{\^o}metro AVHRR a bordo
dos sat{\'e}lites NOAA, as velocidades de correntes
geostr{\'o}ficas e altura do n{\'{\i}}vel do mar provenientes
de dados altim{\'e}tricos do AVISO. Com a an{\'a}lise de
correla{\c{c}}{\~o}es verificou-se que o GEM do Sul do Brasil
{\'e} fortemente influenciado pelas rela{\c{c}}{\~o}es
termodin{\^a}micas envolvidas nas intera{\c{c}}{\~o}es entre
oceano e atmosfera no Atl{\^a}ntico Sudoeste. Estas
rela{\c{c}}{\~o}es s{\~a}o fortemente impactadas pela
mudan{\c{c}}a de fase da ODP. Com as correla{\c{c}}{\~o}es
parciais foi identificado que o TSA reduz a influ{\^e}ncia do
ENOS sobre as anomalias de TSM (ATSM) durante o per{\'{\i}}odo
quente da ODP (1977-2008) nos GEMs do Norte e Leste do Brasil e no
GEM da corrente da Guin{\'e}. O TSA tamb{\'e}m intensifica os
padr{\~o}es de correla{\c{c}}{\~o}es entre o AAO e as ATSM na
regi{\~a}o tropical. No GEM do Sul do Brasil foram encontradas
correla{\c{c}}{\~o}es negativas entre o AAO e as ATSM e este
padr{\~a}o foi persistente mesmo com a remo{\c{c}}{\~a}o dos
outros {\'{\i}}ndices. Com a correla{\c{c}}{\~a}o entre os
{\'{\i}}ndices clim{\'a}ticos Niņo3, TSA e AAO e as ATSM do
ROMS foi poss{\'{\i}}vel verificar que o modelo {\'e} capaz de
reproduzir as principais rela{\c{c}}{\~o}es clim{\'a}ticas que
explicam a variabilidade das ATSM no oceano Atl{\^a}ntico Sul.
Esta pesquisa evidencia a complexidade das intera{\c{c}}{\~o}es
entre os modos locais e remotos de variabilidade clim{\'a}tica no
oceano Atl{\^a}ntico Sul e mostra a import{\^a}ncia de
consider{\'a}-las ao empregar os GEMs para a gest{\~a}o dos
recursos marinhos do Brasil. ABSTRACT: The remote and local
climate variability influences on the oceanic and atmospheric
South Atlantic characteristics were evaluated and the analysis
allowed to identify the impacts of these variations on the
Brazilian Large Marine Ecosystems (LME). The El Niņo Southern
Oscillation (ENSO) and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) are
the remote climate modes. The local variability is represented by
the Tropical North Atlantic (TNA), the Tropical South Atlantic
(TSA) and the Antarctic Oscillation (AAO). The initial analysis
was based on total and partial correlation between climate indices
representing these modes as Niņo3, TSA, TNA and AAO and oceanic
and atmospheric variables on the South Atlantic ocean, as sea
surface temperature (SST), wind stress, Ekman transport, outgoing
longwave radiation and sea level pressure. All the variables were
filtered on the interannual scale. The impact of the PDO regime
shift (1976/1977) was assessed by the differences between the
correlations during the cold and warm PDO phases. After
identifying the most influential modes of variability, a numerical
simulation was carried out between 1980 to 2007, using the
regional ocean circulation model ROMS. With the results of this
simulation it was possible to evaluate the evolution of oceanic
characteristics during the ENSO events that occurred in the warm
PDO phase. The validation of the model results was performed based
on comparison with satellite data, for this the SST from the AVHRR
radiometer aboard the NOAA satellites, geostrophic currents
velocities and sea level height based on altimetry data from the
AVISO were used. With the correlation analysis it was found that
the South Brazil LME is strongly influenced by the thermodynamic
relations involved in the ocean atmosphere interactions in the
southwest of South Atlantic Ocean. These relationships are
strongly affected by the PDO regime shift. With the partial
correlations it was identified that TSA reduces the influence of
ENSO on the sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) during the
warm PDO period (1977-2008) in the North and East Brazil LMEs and
in the Guinea current LME. The TSA also intensifies the patterns
of correlations between AAO and the SSTA in the tropical region.
In the South Brazil LME were found negative correlations between
the AAO and the SSTA and this pattern was persistent, even with
the removal of the other indices. With the correlation between the
climate indices Niņo3, TSA and AAO and the SSTA produced by ROMS
was possible to verify that the model is able to reproduce the
main climate relationships that explain the variability of SSTA in
the South Atlantic Ocean. This research highlights the complexity
of the interactions between local and remote climate modes on the
South Atlantic ocean and shows the importance of considering them
to use the LME for the management of Brazilian marine areas.",
committee = "Gherardi, Douglas Francisco Marcolino (presidente/orientador) and
Pezzi, Luciano Ponzi (orientador) and Kayano, Mary Toshie and
Justino, Fl{\'a}vio Barbosa and Camargo, Ricardo de",
copyholder = "SID/SCD",
englishtitle = "Local and remote interannual climate variability of the South
Atlantic on the Brazilian Large Marine Ecosystems",
language = "pt",
pages = "148",
ibi = "8JMKD3MGP5W34M/3H9CNL5",
url = "http://urlib.net/ibi/8JMKD3MGP5W34M/3H9CNL5",
targetfile = "publicacao.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "27 abr. 2024"
}